نام کالا :
A comparative study on the targeted subsidy reform in different countries and the Islamic republic of Iran
دسته بندی :
مقاله
قیمت :
50,000 ریال
نوع:
دیجیتال
سازنده محصول :
Elixir Inter. Busi. Mgmt
کلمات کلیدی :
Subsidy, Targeted Subsidy Reform, Subsidy Adjustment and Reformation.
توضیحات :
In the 1950s, the idea of development and the necessity to pay attention to factors of social
welfare as well as reduction of poverty highlighted the intervention of governments in
economic activities, but since the 1970s and with the formation of the idea of centrality of
humanity in development, it was realized that physical assets are not enough to deal with
issues arising from underdevelopment in countries, however social issues and policies, and
the formation of human capitals are at least as significant as physical assets. Therefore,
social support policies in the framework of welfare states and subsidy policies were placed
on the top agenda of development programs in different countries. However, what was
ignored with regard to payment of subsidies was proper targeting of such policies in a way
that most countries were paying their subsidies to general public. Following the debt crisis
and global recession in the 1980s and the comparison of the experiences in countries of East
Asia, Latin America, South Asia, and Africa, the focus of development approaches was
changed to improvement of economic management and acceptance of a greater role for
market forces. In this new approach, most countries embarked on reforming their subsidy
plans. The main reason for these countries in implementing reform plans was to avoid public
subsidies because of their comprehensiveness, population growth, and the increase in the
price of goods and services in the global market. In addition, inefficiency of governmental
distribution system and negative effects of controlling the price of products for the producers
were among other reasons. This article initially provides a definition of subsidy, and its
different forms and costs, and will then review the experience of different countries with
regard to subsidies. It will eventually investigate the history, objectives, and consequences of
subsidy reform plan in the Islamic Republic of Iran.
