Thermodynamic behavior and stability of Polytropic gas

We focus on the thermodynamic behavior of Polytropic gas as a candidate for dark energy (DE). We use the general arguments of thermodynamics to investigate its properties and behavior. We find that a Polytropic gas can exhibit the DE-like behavior. It also may be used to simulate a fluid with zero pressure at the small volume and high temperature limits. Briefly, our study shows that this gas may be used to describe the universe expansion history from the matter dominated era to the current accelerating era. By applying some initial conditions to the system, we can establish a relation between the Polytropic gas parameters and the initial conditions. Relationships with related works have also been addressed.

Polytropic gas; universe expansion; thermodynamics