OMAR KHAYYAM A SHATTERED TRUTH: HIS INFLUENCE ON WESTERN LITERATURE AND CULTURE

In the contemporary era, Omar Khayyam and his Rubaiyyat have garnered the interest of several intellectuals and scholars as a phenomenon. Khayyamology is based on two pillars; On the one hand, it highlights a thinker in the Islamic milieu's religious-scientific and cultural context by citing his scientific, philosophical, and theological treatises. He is a well-liked, credible monotheist with a straightforward worldview. On the other hand, Khayyam is demonstrated as a skeptic, nihilist, materialist, and wandering thinker when attributed quatrains are included, most lacking historical and documentary certainty. The latter approach, which formed or reinforced several schools of thought, reached its pinnacle by introducing Khayyam's quatrains into Western literature and via Edward FitzGerald's free translation and translation manipulations. Due to the contradictory views on Khayyam, proponents of each viewpoint have endeavored to research every aspect of history to bolster their claims. Therefore, by relying on reputable scientific and credible sources, this research also attempts to separate the real Khayyam from the tumultuous waves of controversial viewpoints and relatively unveil his intellectual and scientific character. Accordingly, Khayyam is appropriately positioned as a member of Asian, Islamic, and Persian society. This research also scrutinizes how quatrains related to the assertions of Eastern Khayyam are interpreted and demonstrated within Islamic Gnosticism and Sufism contexts.