The present debate on how to increase global food production in a sustainable way has
focused on arguments over the pros and cons of genetically modified (GM) crops. Scientists in
both public and private sectors clearly regard GM technology as a major new set of tools while
industry sees it as an opportunity for increased profits. However, it remains questionable whether
GM crops can contribute to agricultural growth, agricultural development and agricultural
sustainability. This review paper examines and discusses the role of GM crops in agricultural
growth, agricultural development and agricultural sustainability. While the contribution of GM
crops to agriculture productivity is obvious in certain regions, their contributions to agricultural
development and sustainability remain uncertain.
