Explanation of Factors Affecting Income and Employment of Iranian Rural Residents

Rural society of Guilan province like Iran’s and most developing countries’ rural areas faces problems such as immigrant transmission, lack of income and employment, decrease in utilization of resources, problems of products’ market, etc. Therefore, the present research considering important problems among Guilan rural areas, explains ways to increase income and employment in in three coastal, plains and foothills rural areas in Guilan province. In this research, the method of research is descriptive – analytical and is of the applied kind. In order to achieve mentioned purposes, the survey – based analysis was used. In this way, the number of employed rural residents was determined in different job categories and after classification of villages into plains, coastal and foothills - mountainous areas, and according to the population of each village and population threshold of each job, the required job and the number of employed individuals were proposed in villages with empty job capacity. Finally, systematic strategies were proposed in order to increase income and employment of rural residents in different economic and non-economic sectors. Also, statistical tests resulted from analyzing data and variables indicated that there was a significant relationship between utilization of resources and characteristics of human resources. In this way, the increase in the level of education, self-employment courses’ education and appropriate age will increase utilization of resources. There is a significant statistical relationship between the inefficiency of rural areas, barriers in the way of using earning and job capacity and employment, and the amount of supplying financial resources of rural residents in different economic sectors. Results of other statistical tests showed that there was a significant statistical relationship between new earning and job patterns, and increase of jobs and incomes of rural residents.

Increase of income, increase of employment, patterns, economic development, village, Guilan province.