چکیده :

In ancient India, a number of kingdoms emerged during the Vedic Age that were spread across the Indo-Gangetic plain. These kingdoms were also called as republics and 16 of them were regarded the greatest of all. These 16 kingdoms were known as the 16 Mahajanapadas(Anga.Assaka,Avanti,Chedi,Gandhara,Kamboja,Kasi,Kosala,Kuru,Machcha,Magadha,Malla,Panchala,Surasena,Vajji,Vatsa.These 16 MahaJanapadas are mentioned in the ancient literature and scriptures. The term MahaJanapada actually means "great country" and is derived from Sanskrit. The sixteen Mahajanapadas rose before the start of Buddhism in India .Some were big and strong, some other were very small, some of them had monarchy ,some of them had republican form of Sangas which are unique in nature .Unity was not there, they fought among themselves for the supremacy .Making use of this opportunity ,Bimbisara strengthened Magadha Kingdom by waging war and with alliance, he incorporated all the Janapadas into Magadha .His son and successor Ajatasatru further strengthened and extended Magadha territory by way of waging wars .But his successors were not powerful, Maha Padmananda, hailed from Nanda dynasty occupied Magadha. At about 324 B.C .Chandragupta Maurya defeated the last Nanda ruler Dhanananda and established the famous Maurya empire, made Pataliputra as its Capital

کلید واژگان :

Mahajanapadas , Magadha, Monarchy, Republics, Maurya



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