Bio-control efficiency of Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) against the citrus leaf miner, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lep., Gracillariidae) under laboratory conditions

The citrus leaf miner, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lep., Gracillariidae), is one of the most destructive pest of citrus and related Rutaceae and ornamental plants in Iran. Larvae damage leaves by creating serpentine feeding mines, which have been lead to reduce yield. Resistance and toxicity problems derived from synthetic insecticides have made it necessary to find more effective and healthier alternatives; therefore, bio-insecticides (i.e. Bacillus thuringiensis) are becoming an important component in plant protection. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of B. thuringiensis against P. citrella. Eight B. thuringiensis concentrations were used against P. citrella L3 on orange and mortality was recorded at 1, 4, 7 and 10 days after spraying. The results showed that P. citrella mortality was significantly affected by B. thuringiensis concentration and time after bacterial application. After 1, 4, 7 and 10 days of spraying 〖10〗^8 concentration of B. thuringiensis had significantly caused the highest mortality to the pest with 58.6, 68.4, 73.6 and 77.0%, respectively. Then the mortality percent decreased significantly until it reached 5.3, 17.5, 19.6 and 47.0% at 〖10〗^(1 )concentration, respectively. In conclusion, the study indicated that B. thuringiensis is effective in controlling P. citrella under laboratory conditions.

Phyllocnistis citrella, Bacillus thuringiensis, Citrus leaf miner, Control, Insecticidal bacterium