The Caspian Sea is home to 1354 plants and animals and more than 122 fish species. The bulk of the remaining stocks of the world sturgeon resources is located here and provides another unique feature of the Caspian Sea, where 80-90% of the world caviar is produced. The total official sturgeon landings in the Caspian Sea have, however, faced drastic fluctuations and decreased from 28.5 thousand tonnes in 1985 to 1345 tonnes in 2005. Illegal catch and poaching are considered to be among the main reasons for such drastic stock declines that were partly recorded between the past two world wars but occurred most dramatically with the collapse of the former Soviet Union and breaking up of joint resource management in the Caspian Sea. In 1992, the Commission of Aquatic Bioresources of the Caspian Sea was established with the objective to develop a strategy for the rational use of shared resources and also implementation of a joint programme for conservation of unique resources. In 1997, all sturgeon species were included into the CITES appendices (COP-10, Harare) and its implementation started from April 1998 onward. Several joint programmes were developed for sturgeon stock assessment, establishment of sturgeon catch and export quota and joint programmes for the conservation and management of sturgeon resources. At the same time, several International organizations such as UNDP, FAO, European Commission (Eu/Tacis) and World Bank tried to develop a regional programme to improve the present resource situation. Despite all agreements, regulations and efforts, the problems remained unsolved and sturgeon resources still face severe reductions. If the present unsatisfactory regional and international management schemes of the sturgeon resources continues without major improvements, most sturgeon species of the Caspian Sea will be extinct in the very near future.
کلید واژگان :Caspian Sea, Sturgeon, Conservation, management, Fisheries
ارزش ریالی : 600000 ریال
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