Prevalence and associated factors of gestational diabetes in pregnant women referred to health centers-treatment in Iran

Background: Gestational diabetes is a form of metabolism disorders during pregnancy is diagnosed for the first time, and if not diagnosed in time can have serious effects on mother and fetus. The prevalence of obesity is alarming childbearing age is increasing, so determining the level of obesity in pregnant women (needs assessment) and plan for training during pregnancy are necessary. This study aimed to assess Prevalence and associated factors of gestational diabetes in pregnant women referred to health centers - treatment in Iran. Methods: This review article by searching on Google scholar search engines and databases magiran, Sid, PubMed and iranmedex by keyword Gestational diabetes, prevalence, risk factors and pregnant women between 1990 and 2015 it is done. Results: The results of different studies showed that the mean age of 35.3 years were diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Glucose challenge test was positive, with 19% of the 5.2 to 6.3 of them with an oral glucose tolerance test, diagnose gestational diabetes were given. Equal to or more than 25 years of age, body mass index equal to or greater than 27, family history of diabetes, history of abortion, history of stillbirth and fetal macrosomia, preeclampsia and hypertension in women with gestational diabetes were significantly different compared with healthy women. The mean BMI, parity and systolic blood pressure in patients was significantly higher than non-sufferers. Coli is the most common cause of disease in healthy pregnant women, up 70.2 percent to 76.2 for individuals with gestational diabetes. The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in healthy pregnant women in the younger age group was higher in pregnant women with gestational diabetes but there was no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of research in Iran, it seems that the relatively high prevalence of GDM in Iran and is a better screening process, regardless of clinical symptoms and the presence of risk factors for all pregnant women be conducted. Also, due to differences in the prevalence of GDM in Iran's provincial screening and health policies and programs appropriate to increase the incidence and complications of the disease.

Gestational diabetes, prevalence, risk factors, pregnant women