Implementing a Flipped-Learning Pattern Based on the Problem-Solving Teaching Approach to Strengthen students' Problem-Solving Styles in Learning English

In today's world where students 'virtual literacy has increased and when all kinds of ebooks and educational videos are used and welcomed, flipped learning can easily enter our educational system, accelerate the preparation of students' professions with reinforce their reasoning power, judgment, and decision-making. Therefore, the present study has implemented a flipped learning pattern based on the problem-solving teaching approach to strengthen students' problem-solving styles in learning English. This research is a quasi-experimental study with pre- and post-test in two control and experimental groups. Participants were 320 people available by random replacement. To collect data, the Cassidy and Long problem-solving questionnaire was administered to the two groups as a pre-test. Then, the teaching method was traditional in the control group, and under a flipped teaching pattern based on the problem-solving teaching approach in the experimental group. To evaluate the amount of learning, the post-test scores of the two groups were compared. To measure the normality of the study population, a repeated measurement test and parametric t-test of a sample were performed. The results indicate the use of this method is more significant in the experimental group than in the other group. But no significant superiority was observed in the effect of the method in the two groups. Learning in this way is one of the basic needs of today's all levels of education. Given the benefits of reinforcing in-depth thinking, analytical thinking, critical thinking, creativity, confidence in decisionmaking, and problem-solving, this teaching method can be used as a complementary method alongside traditional teachings.

Problem-Solving Styles (PSS), English Language, Pattern, Flipped Learning, Problem- Solving Teaching Approach (PSTA)